Thursday, November 28, 2019

A trip to Venice

Introduction A myriad of people across the globe, yearn to visit Venice city in Italy due to a number of reasons. Venice is a small city that lies within 118 islands with 150 canals connected by over 400 bridges. It is located within the Venetian Lagoon in Italy. It has a moderate whether with humid summers and wet winters.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on A trip to Venice specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The art work and architectural design of images gives the city its uniqueness and beauty. The name Venice is derived from the Veneti people who settled in the region in the 10th century. The city is divided into 6 sections; cannaregio, San Marco, Cas Venice, Tello, Santa Croce, San Polo and Dorsoduro. It is also known as the ‘city of canals’,’ the floating city’ ‘the city of bridges’. Other scholars have also defined the city as the most romantic city within Europe. Its wi nding canals and traffic free, makes it easy to navigate and explore. It has many magnificent squares, churches and mosques cognate with beautiful and interesting shops parked with nice romantic goods. (Wilmer, 2009) Venice is easily accessible by train at the Santa Lucia train station. A tourist can also fly, though the city has a small airport. From there, you can board a bus or a boat. While in Venice, the most common form of transportation is vaporetti boats. Gondolas and taxis also offer some of the most romantic and luxurious means of transport. While in the city, there are a number of beautiful art works which can interest tourists. The Venetian glass from Murano, Carnival masks designed from souvenirs, marble paper, lace and watercolors of Venetian scenes completes the list. Venice is always in a celebratory mood with festivals such as the Carnevale celebration and Redentore Regatta toping the list. (Cucco Umgiesser, 2006) Finally, as the two couples prepare to Venice, some of the most attracting sites will include; Piazza San Marco, palazzo Ducale, Ponte Di Rialto, Canal Grande, Basilica Di san Marco and Galleria del’ Accademia. These magnificent sites have been reported by past tourists to be more appealing than others. This paper will prepare a detailed itinerary for one week for the two couples who are visiting the city. The marketing Ps which is exploited is the place since it gives them the real experience of having a vacation. (Davey, 2006)Advertising Looking for report on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Accommodation Couple A Couple A will be booked in at Ca Mari Adele Hotel in Venice. The hotel which has been rated as one of the most romantic hotels in Venice, offers a very good view point to see some of the most magnificent places in Venice. With the advent of technology and to capture the needs of the clients, the hotel was currently renovated to include some of the recent amenities which are required by our customers. Ca Mari Adele is decorated with dams’ chi, African wood furniture, Moresch, Swarovski crystals, and fur wall papers among other romantic decorations. The mystical and romantic fascinations convince a number of lovers, that this is the hotel to stay. The rooms are designed in such a way that they are overlooking Grand Canal located in central Venice. The rooms are fitted with flat screen TV, bathroom, DVD, internet access, concierge service, whirl pool and bath robe. The buffet meals are served in 24- hour round with the assistance of a multilingual staff working in the hotel. The rooms in the hotel go as cheap as 600.00 â‚ ¬ for one night. (Simpson, 2007) Advertising We will write a custom report sample on A trip to Venice specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Pictures showing magnificent rooms within the hotel Couple B The second couple will be booked at Ba uer Il Palazzo hotel. The hotel is one of the most luxurious places in the world with a presidential suit costing EUR 5000.00. It therefore meets the couple’s demand of luxurious visit. The hotel is more sophisticated than other hotels within the Venice city. The hotel reflects the Venetian opulence with lavish dà ©cor which is designed to suite the needs of the couple. The hotel is situated just miles away from St. Mark’s square and is within the proximity of the finest Venice shops, museums and sites. Bauer Il Palazzo hotel has its own private boat dock and therefore guests arriving at received by sumptuous lobby. The decorations within the hotels rooms and suites make the client have a real holiday’s hotel experience and impression. (Ninfo et al, 2009) explains that, many rooms within the hotels feature balcony and terraces that offers an opportunity for a spectacular view of the St. Marks basin and the Grand Canal. The break fast is served at the terrace an d lounge (Settimo Cielo) which offers a magnificent view of the lagoon and the entire Venice city. The buffet meals are served 24 hours while the bars foyer provides nice music that keeps the client’s entertained whole night. The atmosphere is amazing at the Gran canal, especially with the live music that plays every evening. The hotel facilities include; fitness rooms for exercise and necessary therapies. The couples staying in the hotel cannot lack place to buy surprising gifts, as the Bauer Il Palazzo hotel has a fabulous boutique that is fitted with necessary customized services a client would require. (Grewal Levy,2010), Advertising Looking for report on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Some of the magnificent rooms and view points in Bauer Il Palazzo hotel Day 1 Couple A Nothing has been so amazing to a number of tourists when they arrive and are taken round the entire Venice city just to have a preview of what is in the town. The most romantic way is to arrive in Venice at around sunset and then take a gondola to the hotel. The couples should avoid the day time gondola rides since during day time they are being used by other tourist. A brief induction and orientation will be doe just to ensure that the clients are well acquainted with the hotel operations. Then, they will be shown their rooms. In the evening, the couples will serve their dinner at their own wish, after which they can move to the bar, where there is a live music daily performance. The band in the bar offers quite nice and entertaining songs. The first night will be a long one for the couples as the hotel offers magnificent and romantic places that might call for a whole night awake. This, I conv inced, will be more than a fantastic way for the couples to start their stay and enjoy their romance. (Wilmer, 2009) Couple B This is a different class of couple who are interested in having more of luxurious stay as opposed to more romance and Bauer Il Palazzo hotel offers nothing less than that. Davey, (2006 p97) on arrival, the couples can take a private chopper that will fly them into the hotel. The couple will then be signed in. Necessary staff introduction will be done, and hotel orientation. The clients are expected to arrive at around mid day. Given that the hotel has a private boat, the couples can be taken around just to have a brief preview of the real Venice experience. They will also be walked around the hotel’s boutique which has very beautiful products one can be interested in. Given that these are a bit aged people, they can join the fitness room for a massage thereafter they can join the bar for very nice live music. Day 2 Couple A In the morning, the couples can take the gondola tour for two. No trip in Venice can be accomplished without experiencing picturesque waterways. The trip shows the most intimate and relaxing trips along the beautiful city canals that helps explore the history. The couple can also enjoy the surreal scenery. This is an opportunity to see old buildings and the bridges in the city. (Grewal Levy,2010), The gondola tour   (Venice by 2012) After the ride experience, the couples can visit the Piazza San Marco (Saint Marks square). Although, the place is known of floods, the couple does not need to worry since it floods only came during winter. While here, the couples can visit several museums and the campanile. The ever present pigeon flocks within the square makes the place so attractive. Inside the church is covered with Byzantine mosaics. From the church’s balcony, one can see a view of the Piazza. They will then move back to the hotel for an evening party. (Grewal Levy, 2010) Couple B The couples can start their visit by touring the repository art. A visit of the Ca’ Rezzonico, Pieta, Scuola Grande Di San Rocco will give the couple a real experience by viewing the artistic work. The beautiful houses and the Medieval and Renaissance artifacts will be entertaining to the couple. The couples can then explore the Grand Canal in the Dorsoduro. The sites are as cool as the narrowing makes it appear like a village. They can then shop at alleys for some of the luxurious traditional goods. A boat ride back to the hotel in the evening will give a real meaning and experience of the hotel. (Simonis Venice, 2007) Day 3 Couple A Boat ride tour of the island will be a super way to start the day. Just meters across the Venetian Lagoon, the couples can take a boat ride through the wonderful Burano’s street. While here, the couples can shop at ornaments and the colored glass of the Murano. After shopping, the couples can ride back to Campanile to have a bird’s eye view of t he Venice. The view is great with the Lido and the whole Lagoon and Dolomites from a far distance. This will be an opportunity for the couples to have some small rest. Being here will be an opportunity to have a view of the entire Venice since this is the tallest building within the city. Simonis Venice, (2006 p.61) explains that, the city has got well fitted lifts decorates with traditional mosaic work that gives it a different holiday experience lift. The couples can the have an experiential sunset tour by a boat. It is an opportunity to live the adventure and explore romance within some of the most magnificent sceneries. The tour is an opportunity to unlock some of the myths and stereotypes on Venice. Couple B After a nice buffet break fast, the couple can set up to visit the Campanile. Simonis Venice, (2006 p.81) The original campanile was built in 1902 and later renovated in 1912. The building has been visited by among other people Galileo in the 17th century. The couples can easily view Piazza, Doges place and St. Marks when they climb the top of the building. The couples can then move to Anta Adelaide to have a great taste of traditional dishes in Venice. The experience of serving like Orca and the polpette gives areal taste of the traditional dishes in Venice. After the great dish, they can head to the Murano, which is an island known for great glass arts. The prices of these products are always at premium so saves a lot of time. Day 4 Both Couples Fun Day On the forth day of their stay, the couples can have a joint day as agreed by both of them. In the morning hours the couple can visit the Castello district which is one of the largest districts within Venice city. They can have an opportunity to view some of the appealing artistic products in the city. The beautiful churches that are also within the city are better reason to visit the place. While here, the couples can visit the interior Venetian Arsenale. The place used to be an old shipyard is us ed to build some artistic machinery. The historic maritime museum is a great place to learn some of the history of Venice and nice artifacts such as gondolas, vast collection of model ships and the canons. The two couples can then take a vaparetto to tour the great canals within the city. The pairs can visit the great Grand canal which winds through the Venice and is almost 3 Km. the canal is full of gondolas, water taxis, barges and the vaporetti. A ride from Santa Lucia rail way station along the three bridges i.e. Scalzi, Accademia and the Rialto will be more fascinating to the couples than expected. (Ninfo et al, 2009) After exploring the canals the couples can have move at the lagoon city to share a special lunch. The city offers fresh unique but safe sea foods. Some of the meals offered here require an open minded person who is ready to experiment. After a very beautiful lunch, the pair can move to the Doge’s palace to see some of the most the nicest museums and palaces . Doge’s palace is also referred to as Palazzo Ducale. The palace was built in the 9th century and later rebuilt late 12th century then 14th and 15th century respectively. Today, the palace is seen as a gothic masterpiece in marbles. When this palace was built it used to serve as a government seat, prison and centre for justice and democracy for the locals. When the couples get here, they will be in a position to see some beautiful decorations and paintings of the halls which symbolizes the great memory of the La Serenissima. The works in this hall are done by some of the greatest artists such as Tintoretto and Veronese. A presence here will be an opportunity to see the bridge of sighs that can be seen from the canal. The Doges Palace (Venice by 2012) In the evening the couples can attend a live performance at the theatre la Fenice. The couples can use a water romantic water bus for four past the Grand Canal to the Santa Maria del Giglioo. The couple can get their seats in the gold fitted balconies as they watch live performances. Day 5 Couple A In the morning the couple moves to the Islands of the Lagoon. This is a bit outside Venice, but it is a place which is also connected by bridges which makes is so beautiful. The place is also known for manufacturing of glasses which started during the 12th century. While here, the couple can see some of the most magnificent glasses which were manufactured during this period. The couples will have the opportunity to see the artisans at work which is one of the most attracting scenarios to the island. In some instances the factories are closed over the weekend and during some festival occasions, but still, the stores which sell the glass materials operate on a 24 hour basis. The couple can then move to the Torcello Island to have a lazy lunch. Serving an idyllic meal at the Locanda Cipriani restaurant has been a place of choice for a number of tourists who find the place so romantic. There is nothing sweet and r omantic than having a sunset tour by a boat. It is an opportunity for the couple to escape from a reality through adventuring of some of the most romantic places around. This will be an opportunity to visit the places and dig unto the culture of the people. Couple B The couple can spend their day by visiting some of the known museums which they have not visited. The Guggenheim museum, Gallerie dell’ Accademia and the Teatro La Fenice offers an opportunity to see the artistic and traditional work in Venice. Guggenheim museum is packed with some art collections from Europe and America. The museum which is located at the Palazzo Vanier Dei Leoni is one of the most visited sites in the city. The Accademia hosts some of the most talked about works of the Venetian artists. It is a very popular and therefore a number of tourists also visit it. It will be an opportunity to interact with other kind tourists from other places. Within the museum is also a square called Campo Santa Margh erita which has very nice bars and restaurants. The couple can have an opportunity to shop around here. The Teatro La Fenice is known for a number of problems which it has faced. It is a gorgeous theatre and in the evening an opportunity to attend one of the live theatres around here. (Cucco Umgiesser, 2006) Day 6 Couple A The sixth day will be an opportunity to visit the St. Marks square. The square is characterized by its unique canals and the square which offers beautiful places to visit. The couples will have an opportunity to see some great artistic work in Venice. The square also highlights some of the most historical and cultural living styles of the people who stayed here. Simonis Venice (2006 p.61)The couple will also get a chance to see the big fabulous market that offers them an opportunity to have a real romantic adventure. A visit here will be for sure memorable. The couple can walk round the market that has also very beautiful restaurants. They can share nice traditi onal meals that are offered. The couple can then wonder at the domes of the Basilica San Marco. As the sun sets, wandering between the arcades in the square will be a memorable moment. They can have an opportunity to have tea on the terraces of the Caffe Florian before they set back to the hotels. Couple B. Having a boat ride to the islands will be a best opportunity for the couples to begin their day. The couples can take a motor road, to the Venetian Lagoons. This will be a chance to see some of the beautiful glasses in Murano. They can then head to the Grand Canal which winds across Venice. The couple will have an opportunity to see some beautiful bridges of Rialto, Accademia and the Scalzi. In the evening, the couple can ride back to the hotel; take a shower just after visiting the fitness room. The cool live songs as they share a bottle of wine will be relaxing, luxurious and more romantic to the couples. (Wind, 2009) Day 7 Being the last day of their stay in Venice, the couple will have the only opportunity to see what they have not seen before. They have decided again to organize a half a day together then in the afternoon they go their ways. An opportunity to visit the Venetian art at the church of the Frari will be a perfect opportunity to end the tour together. Campbell Milner (2004 p.89) A stroll along the hidden alleyways will be an opportunity to strengthen the bond between the couples. In the afternoon couple A will follow the Casanovas foot steps. While here they will have an opportunity to sip wine together at the Spade bar which is near the Rialto spade. Couple B will head back to the hotel’s shop to see some of the artistic work they need to buy. The hotels shop which offers a variety of art and glass work has always attracted buyers who are interested in purchasing luxurious goods. Day 8 Being the last day, both couples will clear their room, so as to catch up with their, different slotted trips to London. They will have to check out and then be driven to the airport through the water bus. A great pictorial sessions and moments as they go is usually very common as they live Venice. (Simpson, 2007) Conclusion It is axiomatic to argue that a trip to Europe without visiting Venice is never complete. A visit in the city is of a real difference, and most of the clients will yearn to have more Throughout this work, the major Ps the paper has exploited is the Place and price. The first couple is determined towards visiting some of the most romantic places within Venice while Couple B is interested in luxurious life. This is clearly differentiated by the hotels booked. Price is of concern to Couple A while to Couple B the most important thing is exploring the artistic work and the culture of the people of Venice. References Campbell S. Milner S. 2004 Artistic exchange and cultural translation in the Italian renaissance city Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Cucco A. Umgiesser G. 2006 Ecological Modelling: Modeli ng the Venice Lagoon residence time, vol. 193., pp. 21-51. Davey S. 2006, Unforgettable places to see before you die, BBC Books, London Grewal D. Levy M 2010 Marketing, McGraw-Hill Irwin; Boston Ninfo A., Fontana, A., Mozzi P. Ferrarese F. 2009 Science, The Map of Altinum, Ancestor of Venice, vol. 325 Simonis, D. Venice 2006 Lonely Planet; Melbourne Simpson, M. 2007, American Artists Paint the City: Katharine Kuh, the 1956 Venice Biennale, and New York’s Place in the Cold War Art World. American Studies, vol. 48, pp. 31-57 Venice by, a complete catalogue of hotels in Venice Web. Wilmer, V. 2009 Prose Studies: History, Theory, Criticism, A Venetian Excursion — John Ruskin in Verona, vol. 31, pp. 93-101. Wind J. 2009, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Rethinking marketing: Peter Drucker’s challenge, vol. 37, pp. 28-34. This report on A trip to Venice was written and submitted by user Damar1s to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Monday, November 25, 2019

Hk Special Identity Essays - Politics Of Hong Kong, Free Essays

Hk Special Identity Essays - Politics Of Hong Kong, Free Essays Hk Special Identity Compared with other mainland cities or Taiwan, Hong Kongs politics has created a very special identity for the SAR especially after reunification with China (1997). Hong Kong was occupied as a Britishs colony for 150 years. During Hong Kongs colonial period, Hong Kongs politics are managed by Britishs officer. However, since Hong Kong was return to china in 1997, Hong Kong people are being Chinese national and a series of politics have significant changes. A new idea One country two systems policy has been put forth. In this plan, Hong Kong is different from mainland, the Peoples Republic of China deicide to satisfy Hong Kong and the westerns desire. One of a significant difference is, Hong Kong has possessed a high degree of autonomy and Hong Kong People ruling Hong Kong. Moreover, the basic law is implemented of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKASR).It makes Hong Kong being a unique city while compared with other cities in mainland. Hong Kong people started to develop their local culture and try to maintain their civil and social rights. Hong Kong has its special role regardless of the press freedom or connection with the western. They can express their voice or unsatisfactory through protests or marches. In addition, Hong Kong has a unique department that called ICAC which help keep Hong Kong fair, just stable and prosperous .In this paper, I will compare political differences of Hong Kong, other mainland cities and Taiwan, with the aim of pointing out how politics in Hong Kong has created a very special identity for the SAR and that is why Hong Kong are superior than other cities in Asia. The most significant difference is that one country two systems are merely practiced in the Hong Kong and Macau. Given that China guarantee Hong Kong people to maintain their way of life and its capitalist system for 50 years, the socialist system and policies have not been practiced in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). That means Hong Kong can follow its own culture and systems instead of fully control with China.However, some people stay a pessimistic attitude on this unique plan. Some people who support Hong Kongs democratization think that Chinese government stays a tight stance for drastic political change. Some people even worried that Hong Kong there is a threat of Hong Kongs freedom after 50 years. Chen Tse Mei (2002) states that the result of traditional content analysis suggests that Hong Kongs newspaper gradually switch their attitude to be more conservative and self-censored after handover in 1997. They point out that Hong Kong newspapers were cautious not to present any sensitive or controversial terms, concepts, or pictures that would either distressed or offend the Beijing authority. Meanwhile, one of a studies about the integration between Hong Kong and mainland which written by Fei Yu (2008)said that although Hong Kong has implemented one country two systems so Hong Kong citizens can possess its unique political systems and the speech of freedom and so on, in term of political institutions ,there is still unclear and uncertain. Nevertheless, both of Fei Yu and Chen Tse Mei acknowledge that the press and speech of freedom has not been damaged too much and they believe that the Hong Kong media does not exist biased. Compare with mainland and Taiwan, Hong Kong is regarded as a place where possess higher freedom and citizens can express their opinions or unsatisfactory to the government through various ways such as protests, marches, parade, newspaper, editorial, media. Different classes, groups, industries have their right to ta ke part in and legal demonstration when dissatisfied .For instance ,pressure group always stage demonstrations for various welfare. In 2008, after lots of parades and demonstrations, the minimum wage is prescribed at $28/hours. These freedom are based on the basic law, it lists Hong Kong people have freedom of speech, of the press and of publication, of demonstration, of communication, of religious belief. Also, the right and freedom include joining trade unions, and to strike. (BL Articles 27-38).In contrast, marching on the streets and staging demonstration is not allowed, and easily alleged to the instigation subversion state power crime. Moreover, almost all of the news about

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Managing and leading people Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Managing and leading people - Essay Example Schein also suggested that leadership and culture are conceptually related (Schein, 2004). Culture provides to an organization a sense of identity and determines the organizational legends, beliefs, norms, rituals and language. Organization culture is the only way that state the way things are done around the organization. An organization culture summarizes what has been appropriate and what has worked in the past (Schein, 1990). This paper seeks to analyze the how managers can improve the culture awareness in the organization. Further, it seeks to discuss the strategies that managers can use to improve culture awareness in an organization. Many managers are using the language of corporate culture or organizational culture. I am always curious to know why people share perceptions, attitudes and interpretations as well, as how workplace symbolism characterizes the way people act and feel. There is a prevalent belief that particular types of logical commonality can promote collaboration, minimize unproductive conflict and arrange work towards a common agenda without the need for supervision. As a manager, I realize that there is something about culture pride that can inspire and raise the mind to improve service for a common good. An organization’s culture is not something that can be manipulated directly; managers are required to dictate a course of action or allocate resources. Culture is shaped indirectly (Schein, 2004). It evolves randomly over time. The premeditated manipulation of culture requires the sophisticated collection of leadership skills and an intense sense of socio-psychological dynamics (Pollitt & Bouckaert, 2004). In the progression of internationalization, organizations face hardships in harmonization of corporate culture. As a manager, I must come with strategies that will help in improving cultural awareness at

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Royal national lifeboat institute Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Royal national lifeboat institute - Case Study Example The name was subsequently changed to the Royal National Lifeboat Institution in 1854, when cork lifejackets were first issued to crew members. Since its inception, the RNLI has saved more than 139,000 lives , the proof of which are the innumerable stories of courage of sailors and volunteers who have stood the social and technological change over a period of time. The purpose, vision and values of RNLI clearly define their activities i.e. Purpose is â€Å"saving lives at sea†, Vision is to â€Å"end preventable loss at sea† and the Values are â€Å"selfless, dependable, trustworthy and courageous†. Their philosophy is not to seek funding from the government but the lifesaving service is provided by volunteers, and the organization is supported by contributions, donations and legacies on a purely voluntary basis. The entire operation is performed through local teams but with resources and directions from a central location. They have gained expertise through the h istory and tradition of the RNLI’s achievement of almost two centuries. The whole objective is to carry out preservation of life at sea and on the water, primarily by prevention and rescue operations. Introduction This report is a case study of Royal National Lifeboat Institute. ... It was founded by Sir William Henry on 4th March 1824. It was started with the name of National Institute for the Preservation of Life from Ship wrecks; after thirty years it was named Royal National Lifeboat Institute (RNLI). The idea of this Institute came up in his mind when he was on the Isle of Man and had witnessed the treacherous nature of the sea causing dozens of accidents of ships. So he decided to save their lives and then at his appeal, this charity was founded. In 1854, lifejackets were issued to the crew first time. In 1891, the first street collection was held at Manchester. This charity is established with the purpose of saving lives at sea. Its vision is to end preventable loss of life at sea. They all are dedicated towards their vision. They work together like a team to come up with the situation. Till now RNLI has saved more than 139000 lives. Now it has 444 lifeboats and 235 lifeboat stations. For saving lives, it has two main categories of lifeboats:- All weather boats: Weight of large boats is more than 40 metric tons, 1250hp engines, its speed is 25knots and its cost is around ?2 millions. Inshore lifeboats: These are small boats which work at the shores and are able to operate in shallow waters. It has different types of lifeboats for different places. When any incident occurs at the sea, then firstly it gets all the detail about the incident from the coastguard and then the crew can plot a course to the casualty. After arriving at the scene, they tell about their arrival to the coastguard and after that they assess the situation and take up the further steps. If possible they had a talk With the casualty and provide them reassurance.

Monday, November 18, 2019

Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility Essay

Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility - Essay Example In accordance with the issues discussed in the paper since late 1970s, various organizations have addressed business ethics in different ways, as well as the development of codes of conduct, hiring of corporate responsibility managers and training programs of all kinds, introduction of compliant managers and programs, the preparation and dissemination of value statements, and the addition of board-level ethics committees. Studies conducted in 1960s indicated that European-based corporations were a head of their United State-based counterparts in implementing sustainability and corporate social responsibility practices. However, in the present days, business operations in Europe and the United States are not so much different as was initially assumed. Both businesses in these regions are currently striving to establish the exact meaning for a company to be responsible and ethical. The implementation of ethics and corporate social responsibility practices in most firms have not prevent ed Europe and United State-base companies from engaging in unethical behaviors that cause corporate scandals. This has created increased pressure for governments and Europe-based and U.S.-based corporations to establish more structured ethics and government programs, so as to ensure that these corporations are responsible to the communities within, which they are situated. There are many challenges, which are associated with corporate responsibility. ... ion on how corporate ethics efforts can be improved, and how it can address the issue of underlying causes of misconduct, including the increasing demand for sustainable business, and proactive, socially responsible practices (Banerjee, 2007). Recent researches indicate that European-based companies are far much a head in implementing sustainability and corporate social responsibility practices than their United States-based counterparts, but the question is, are they doing better work of avoiding unethical conduct on a large scale? Understanding the aspects of business ethics is a challenging task since this field is vast, and it usually encompasses issues like reputation management, corporate governance, accurate accounting, environmental stewardship, and fair labor practices (Shaw, 2010). As a matter of fact, this field is concerned with the entire scopes of responsibilities, which a corporation has for all its stakeholders, especially those who have exhibited interest in the acti ons and decision of the company such as suppliers, stakeholders, community, clients, and employees. The understanding of business ethics is further made complex by several terms that refer to corporate programs and offices, which are focused on communicating, monitoring, and enforcing company standards and values (Sims, 2003). In theory, people can make certain distinctions among the various aspects of business ethics such as corporate compliance, corporate responsibility, and social responsibility. However, in practical perspective, such differentiations are of no significance since corporate offices of compliance that was established in 1970s can today function similarly to social and corporate responsibility (Trevino & Nelson, 2010). In order to understand the various scopes and nature

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Concept Of Price War And Oligopoly Theories Economics Essay

Concept Of Price War And Oligopoly Theories Economics Essay Experts argue that the concept of price war is a fact of life in most industrialised countries, assess the arguments for and against such behaviour. Discuss the impact of this behaviour in any industry using different oligopoly theories. In this essay I will address the subject of price war in industrialised countries. From different angles I will to try to break down and analyse the idea that price war in industrialised countries is a fact of life. The basic and underlying concept of a price war is that two or more firms in an industry lower or change their own prices with the knowledge that in an oligopolistic environment the other firms in that industry will lower theirs too so they match up. This is due to the interdependency in their interaction with all the firms in that industry. Price fixing plays a major role in a price war. My method of assessing whether said statement is true or false is to weigh up the pros and cons. From there I can make an informed decision and will be able to explain it through outlined discussions and ideas, and by visual aids if necessary. By the end of my essay I will be able, also, to discuss, with help of oligopolistic theories, the effect that a price war has on any industry. A price war is the concept that refers to economic activity of high competitive rivalry between a few firms in a particular industry, with complex rounds of price reductions. If one firm reduces their prices or a single price of a good, then the other firms in that industry will do the same to match that price. In an industry, in which a state of oligopoly is apparent (i.e. only a few sellers operate), each firm is quite capable of producing enough of the industry total output, resulting in their ability to affect the market price. A real world example of this is in the coffee industry where there are three major producers; Starbucks, Cafe Nero and Costas Coffee. These three large providers of coffee produce such large percentages each of the coffee industry that if, say, Starbucks were to increase their supply, the price of an average coffee would decrease considerably. An increase in output for one of the coffee providers will result in the price to decrease for the other firms in the industry. To explain further, if Starbucks produces double its output, the price of coffee from Starbucks drops hugely. However, most people are not wholly loyal to a particular brand, so Costas Coffee and Cafe Nero drinkers will switch to the cheaper Starbucks. As a result, the price of Costas Coffee and Cafe Nero coffee drops too. These three major brands are part of a set of economic activities where each of their decisions on supple not only affects their MICRO ESSAY 2 ANTHONY STADDON 000457496 PAGE 3 own sales but also of the firms competing against them. Such strategic situations can involve competition or collusion. Collusion= all firms in an industry agree to cut back on production by a certain amount to increase both prices and profits. Competition= all firms in an industry try to increase production with the intent to undermine competitors and gain as many customers as can be attained. The outcomes of both collusion and competition can be massively different for consumers and producers. For example, collusion benefits producers most due to the fact that as long as they keep colluding, their profits will continue to increase. However, collusion has a negative effect on consumers because it results in higher prices and decreased output. Collusion, unfortunately, is uncommon and many industries are dominated by heavily competing firms. If such collusion actually happened then government intervention may be necessary to protect consumers. All these ideas of collusion and competition between firms in an industry are the major foundations and components of a price war. In the short term, consumers benefit very well from such activities, due to the chance of benefiting from lower prices. Also in the short run a negative impact can hit producers by the result of lower prices leading to reduced profit margins. In the long term, the major firms in any particular industry can gain from a price war with increased profits etc. Price wars do seem to happen in every industry in some shape or form. There is a fair amount of reason why that is. To start with there are competitors whom might wish to concentrate on a particular product and through this product try to gain market share by producing its alternate good at decreased prices. There is also penetration pricing where firms may offer/provide lower prices of new brands of a good or product into an already highly established market. Process optimization is also a cause in that firms may choose to reduce prices rather than output with the plan regulate and sustain the economy of scale. A big cause for price wars is predatory pricing (albeit illegal). This refers to when a firm may set the price extremely low, even too low, on a good, in order to ddestroy other firms completely in that industry. Finally and in some ways most importantly, especially in context with this essay title, is the cause oligopoly. Oligopoly is where all economic actions on prices and outputs for each firm in an industry are interdependent. Reactions to price changes and ultimately price wars can vary. The primary reaction to a price war price change or price reduction is consideration and caution. For example, has the competing firm decided whether it is doing a short term or a long-term price MICRO ESSAY 2 ANTHONY STADDON 000457496 PAGE 4 change? If its short term, a firms reaction should normally be ignoring the change. Otherwise, short-term changes can be interpreted as cataclysmic changes and lead to big price wars. However, for the long-term there is not just a singular reaction. A firm could maintain their price, split their product into a premium version and a basic. Or the most common highly anticipated reaction is reduce the price and keep in line with ones competitors. Now its quite easy to see why a price might be good and benefit certain people. We can see that producers and consumers can benefit from them in some way and at some point. But in the end there is also a negative impact of price wars. As previously stated two or more firms compete in an industry and in turn both reduce their prices. We see that one can benefit whether you are a producer or consumer due to lower prices but this is not always the case. When these firms compete and initiate a price war, it is normally understood that both firms lower value along with price. Ultimately the firms lose profit and the consumer loses value. In my conclusion, I believe that price wars in the short-run can improve profits and can allow consumers a small space of time to take advantage of lowered prices. But in the end they cause more trouble than they are worth. However they also seem unavoidable as nearly every single industry in an economy has an event of a price war at some point. In the supermarket industry, Sainsbury and Tesco compete in a price war. O2 and T-mobile do the same in the mobile industry. Starbucks and Cafe Nero show signs too. The list of price wars in different industries is long but clearly outlines that the statement the concept of a price war is a fact of life in industrialised countries is pretty much correct.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Illegal Downloading of Music and Intellectual Property Essay -- iPhones

Before iPhones, tablets and laptops people had to buy hard copies as in CDs, records and even vinyl’s. According to Cornell University the average cost for a hard copy cd is $13.99 if bought a week after release date on average if bought on the release date it is $9.99. Before the internet the arrangement for the music industry was that there were only 6 main labels for 60 years were the heads for all the distribution and promoting of recorded music. There were five main roles that needed to be filled to make a profit as a live music process. The roles are performer, personal manager, a talent agent, promoter and a venue operator. The internet has completely changed the perspective of the music industry. Businessweek.com says that the impact the internet makes on the music industry is that sales has dropped for the music’s industry from 14 billion dollars to 10 billion dollars. The information superhighway changed the whole perspective of the landscape by completely bre aking down the distribution system already put in place. Intellectual property is the most questioned part of the recent changes in the digital age involving the music industry. Intellectual property is Intellectual property (IP) refers to creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works; designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce. IP is protected in law by, for example, patents, copyright and trademarks, which enable people to earn recognition or financial benefit from what they invent or create. (WIPO) Which is saying in layman’s terms that intellectual property is that a person can have rights to the creations of their ideas like inventions, artistry and writing works etc. for the music industry copy writing is more focused on.... ...tion of the Music Industry in the Post Internet Era. Thesis. Claremont McKenna College, 2012. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print. MacMillan, Douglas. "The Music Industry's New Internet Problem." Bloomberg Business Week. Bloomberg, 06 Mar. 2009. Web. 18 Apr. 2014. A, N. /. "Networks." The Decline of Physical Music Sales. Cornell University, 17 Nov. 2012. Web. 18 Apr. 2014. Office, Intellectual Property. "Music." Intellectual Property Office. Intellectual Property Office, 20 Mar. 2013. Web. 18 Apr. 2014. Organization, World Intellectual Property. "World Intellectual Property Organization." What Is Intellectual Property? WIPO, 26 Apr. 2001. Web. 17 Apr. 2014. Parikh, Mihir. "The Music Industry in the Digital World: Waves of Changes." Thesis. Polytechnic University, 1999. The Music Industry in the Digital World: Waves of Changes. Docunator.com, 1 Aug. 1999. Web. 18 Apr. 2014.